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James Crown

Snapshot

James Schine Crown enters the Jeffrey Epstein record through institutional power, corporate governance, and litigation rather than through a flight manifest or survivor allegation.

Crown served on the boards of First Chicago and Bank One beginning in 1991. After Bank One merged with JPMorgan Chase in 2004, he became a JPMorgan director and remained on the board until his death in 2023.

That tenure overlapped the entire period during which JPMorgan Chase banked Jeffrey Epstein. JPMorgan has said that Epstein became a client in 1998 and that the relationship ended in 2013.

Crown also chaired JPMorgan’s Risk Policy Committee during part of that relationship. The committee was responsible for overseeing senior management’s handling of financial, fiduciary, operational, and reputational risks.

In May 2023, JPMorgan shareholders named Crown as a defendant in a derivative lawsuit alleging that bank directors and officers failed to supervise the institution’s anti money laundering systems and response to Epstein. The case was dismissed because the shareholders did not adequately establish that making a demand on JPMorgan’s board would have been futile. The court did not conduct a trial or decide that Crown personally knew about Epstein.

An amended complaint preserved as EFTA02822837 alleged that Crown was connected to business circles surrounding Leslie Wexner, Bank One, and the New Albany development in Ohio. Some of those connections were documented corporate relationships. The complaint’s broader conclusions about Crown’s knowledge of Epstein were allegations and inferences rather than adjudicated findings.

No reviewed flight record, address book entry, calendar appointment, photograph, personal email, financial transfer, or witness statement establishes a direct personal relationship between Crown and Epstein.

Crown died in a single vehicle racing accident at Aspen Motorsports Park on June 25, 2023. The Pitkin County Coroner’s Office classified the manner of death as an accident. Claims that his death was connected to the Epstein litigation are unsupported by publicly released evidence.


Basic Information

Full name: James Schine Crown

Common name: Jim Crown

Born: June 25, 1953

Birthplace: Chicago, Illinois

Died: June 25, 2023

Place of death: Woody Creek, Colorado

Cause and manner: Multiple blunt force trauma in a single vehicle racing accident; manner classified as accidental

Education: Hampshire College; Stanford Law School

Principal occupation: Chairman and chief executive officer of Henry Crown and Company

Other major positions: Director of JPMorgan Chase, lead director of General Dynamics, managing partner of Aspen Skiing Company, chairman of the Aspen Institute Board of Trustees, and former member of the President’s Intelligence Advisory Board

Spouse: Paula Hannaway Crown

Epstein relevance: JPMorgan board oversight, Risk Policy Committee service, Bank One and New Albany business networks, shareholder derivative litigation, and unsupported claims concerning his death


The Crown Family Business

James Crown was the son of Lester Crown and the grandson of industrialist Henry Crown.

Henry Crown founded Material Service Corporation. The family obtained a major interest in General Dynamics after Material Service merged with the defense company in 1959.

James Crown joined Henry Crown and Company in 1985. According to JPMorgan’s 2022 proxy statement, he served as vice president from 1985 through 2002, president from 2002 through 2017, and chairman and chief executive officer beginning in 2018.

Henry Crown and Company is a privately owned investment organization with interests in public and private securities, real estate, investment funds, and operating businesses.

Crown also served as managing partner of Aspen Skiing Company, an enterprise controlled by members of the Crown family.

These positions placed him within a powerful family investment network. They do not independently establish any relationship with Epstein.


First Chicago and Bank One

Crown’s banking governance career began long before the JPMorgan litigation.

The 2022 JPMorgan proxy statement states that he served as a director of First Chicago Corporation from 1991 to 1996 and as a director of Bank One from 1996 through 2004.

First Chicago combined with NBD Bancorp and later became part of Bank One. Bank One merged with JPMorgan Chase in July 2004.

Crown was among the Bank One directors involved in the selection of Jamie Dimon as chief executive in 2000. A later shareholder complaint quoted Crown describing Dimon’s presentation to the Bank One board as convincing and emphasizing Dimon’s experience consolidating large organizations.

When Bank One merged with JPMorgan, Dimon and several Bank One directors entered the leadership structure of the combined institution. Crown became a JPMorgan Chase director.

This corporate succession explains why JPMorgan filings sometimes describe Crown as a director “since 2004” while also recording his heritage bank service beginning in 1991.


JPMorgan Board Tenure

Crown served on JPMorgan’s board from the 2004 Bank One merger until his death in June 2023.

His board tenure overlapped all of JPMorgan’s publicly acknowledged banking relationship with Epstein.

JPMorgan maintained accounts for Epstein and entities under his control from approximately 1998 until 2013. During those years, Epstein received private banking services, credit, cash access, wire transfer services, and account support.

Litigation later revealed that JPMorgan employees circulated reports about Epstein’s conduct, performed risk reviews, and debated whether the bank should end the relationship.

Board membership establishes that Crown held institutional oversight responsibilities during this period. It does not, standing alone, prove that he received information about Epstein or participated in a decision concerning Epstein’s accounts.


The Risk Policy Committee

Crown’s committee assignments are more relevant than board membership alone.

JPMorgan’s 2013 proxy statement identifies Crown as chair of the Risk Policy Committee during 2012. The 2016 proxy statement continued to identify him as committee chair.

In March 2017, Linda Bammann replaced Crown as chair, according to JPMorgan’s 2017 proxy statement.

The Risk Policy Committee’s responsibilities included oversight of senior management’s assessment and management of:

  1. Credit risk
  2. Market risk
  3. Interest rate risk
  4. Investment risk
  5. Liquidity risk
  6. Fiduciary risk
  7. Model risk
  8. Capital and liquidity planning
  9. Systems intended to evaluate and control risk throughout the bank

JPMorgan filings also stated that board committees considered reputational risk within their respective responsibilities.

Crown therefore chaired a committee with substantial risk oversight authority during the final portion of Epstein’s relationship with JPMorgan.

The committee charter and proxy statements establish Crown’s formal responsibilities. They do not establish that Epstein’s accounts were presented to the committee.


Public Responsibility Committee

Crown later chaired JPMorgan’s Public Responsibility Committee.

The 2022 proxy statement lists him as chair of that committee and as a member of the Risk Committee.

The Public Responsibility Committee considered matters involving public policy, community relationships, environmental and social issues, and questions affecting the institution’s public responsibilities.

By 2022, Epstein was dead and the criminal case against Ghislaine Maxwell had resulted in a conviction. JPMorgan was facing growing scrutiny over why it had retained Epstein after his 2008 conviction.

Crown’s later committee role placed him within the board structure confronting the bank’s reputational exposure. It does not prove that he controlled JPMorgan’s litigation strategy or public response.


What JPMorgan Knew About Epstein

Separate litigation produced evidence that internal concerns about Epstein reached senior JPMorgan employees.

The shareholder complaint preserved as EFTA02822837 alleged that:

  1. JPMorgan employees circulated reporting about Epstein’s arrest in 2006.
  2. The bank treated Epstein as a high risk client after his 2008 conviction.
  3. Internal personnel expressed discomfort with retaining him.
  4. A 2008 communication referred to a possible review by Jamie Dimon.
  5. Compliance employees raised concerns about human trafficking allegations in 2010.
  6. JPMorgan granted Epstein a $50 million credit line in December 2010.
  7. General counsel Stephen Cutler wrote in 2011 that Epstein should not remain a client.
  8. Epstein’s accounts nevertheless remained open until 2013.
  9. The bank did not file Epstein related Suspicious Activity Reports during the period described in the complaint.

These allegations drew upon internal records and materials obtained through Jane Doe v. JPMorgan Chase and the United States Virgin Islands case against the bank.

The records show substantial knowledge within JPMorgan. They do not identify Crown as a recipient of the principal Epstein emails described in the complaint.


The Shareholder Derivative Lawsuit

On May 9, 2023, the Operating Engineers Construction Industry and Miscellaneous Pension Fund filed a shareholder derivative action in the Southern District of New York.

The case was Operating Engineers Construction Industry and Miscellaneous Pension Fund v. Dimon, No. 1:23-cv-03903.

A second pension fund joined the litigation, and an amended complaint was filed on June 30, 2023.

The plaintiffs sued on behalf of JPMorgan. They alleged that directors and officers had harmed the company by failing to supervise its anti money laundering, customer monitoring, and regulatory compliance systems.

Crown was individually named as a director defendant.

The amended complaint identified his JPMorgan board tenure, committee assignments, Bank One background, General Dynamics position, and relationship with Dimon.

Being named in a complaint is not a finding of liability. The allegations remained subject to judicial review and defense challenges.


EFTA02822837

EFTA02822837 is the 69 page amended shareholder derivative complaint filed on June 30, 2023.

It is the principal Epstein related document naming James Crown.

The complaint alleged that Crown and other directors failed to implement or use adequate board level reporting systems concerning Bank Secrecy Act and anti money laundering compliance.

It further alleged that Crown faced a substantial likelihood of liability because he had served on the board while Epstein was a client.

The pleading also stated that there was no evidence JPMorgan’s board discussed Epstein before Epstein’s death in 2019.

That assertion creates two distinct possibilities:

  1. Relevant information did not reach the board.
  2. Relevant discussions occurred but were not reflected in the evidence available to the plaintiffs.

The complaint argued that either possibility demonstrated an oversight failure. It did not produce minutes, memoranda, or communications showing that Crown personally discussed Epstein.


The New Albany Allegations

A significant part of the shareholder complaint attempted to connect JPMorgan leadership to Epstein through the Columbus, Ohio, business community.

Epstein became deeply involved with Leslie Wexner and the development of New Albany, Ohio. John W. Kessler, a New Albany developer and later Bank One and JPMorgan director, had documented dealings with Epstein.

The complaint alleged that Epstein helped reorganize the New Albany development and obtained a partnership interest for a nominal investment.

It then traced relationships among Wexner, Kessler, Bank One officers, the McCoy banking family, Dimon, and Crown.

The complaint asserted that Crown was “involved in the New Albany project” and that Wexner, Kessler, Crown, and the McCoys were connected to Epstein’s Ohio dealings.

The pleading did not attach a Crown and Epstein contract, correspondence, meeting record, or joint investment agreement.

Its strongest documented Crown facts were that:

  1. Crown served on the Bank One board.
  2. Kessler also served on that board.
  3. Crown participated in the process that selected Dimon.
  4. Kessler had a direct role in New Albany and knew Epstein.

The move from those facts to a conclusion that Crown personally knew Epstein was inferential.

A business network can identify useful investigative paths. It cannot replace evidence of an actual meeting, communication, or transaction.


The “Business Partner” Language

The amended complaint broadly characterized Epstein as a “business partner and colleague to various members of JPM management and the Board.”

That sentence has sometimes been repeated online as though it established that Epstein was James Crown’s personal business partner.

It did not.

The complaint used collective language covering multiple officers, directors, and transactions. It discussed documented relationships involving Jes Staley, Leslie Wexner, John Kessler, Highbridge Capital, and other people connected to JPMorgan.

No cited agreement identifies Crown and Epstein as direct partners.

The phrase should therefore be attributed to the shareholder plaintiffs and not presented as an adjudicated description of Crown’s relationship with Epstein.


The General Dynamics Allegations

Crown served on the General Dynamics board from 1987 until 2023 and became its lead director in May 2010.

The company’s 2023 proxy statement described him as its longest serving director and a significant shareholder.

The shareholder complaint argued that JPMorgan director Phebe Novakovic lacked independence from Crown because she was chairman and chief executive of General Dynamics.

The court rejected that argument.

Judge Jed Rakoff observed that General Dynamics was a publicly traded Fortune 100 corporation rather than a privately controlled Crown family business. The court noted that the complaint had not presented particularized facts showing Crown possessed unilateral authority to remove Novakovic.

The court’s analysis is important because it rejected an exaggerated description of Crown’s control over General Dynamics.

Crown and his family had a substantial historical and financial relationship with the company. That relationship was not equivalent to unilateral ownership or control.


Why the Derivative Case Was Dismissed

Judge Rakoff dismissed the shareholder case with prejudice.

The January 12, 2024 opinion focused on the procedural requirements governing shareholder derivative actions.

Shareholders ordinarily must ask a corporation’s board to pursue claims before filing suit on the corporation’s behalf. They may proceed without making that demand only if they plead particularized facts showing that the demand would have been futile.

The court concluded that the plaintiffs had not shown that a majority of JPMorgan’s board was unable to consider a demand independently.

For purposes of its analysis, the court assumed without deciding that Crown could be counted as a member of the relevant board, even though he died between the original and amended complaints.

The opinion did not decide whether Crown personally knew about Epstein. It also did not determine whether Crown breached his fiduciary duties.

The dismissal resolved the plaintiffs’ failure to satisfy the demand requirement.


Crown’s Death During the Litigation

Crown died on June 25, 2023, approximately seven weeks after the original shareholder complaint was filed.

The amended complaint was filed on June 30, five days after his death. On July 6, defense counsel filed a formal suggestion of death with the court.

This chronology is sometimes distorted in online accounts.

Crown did not die before being connected to the litigation. He had already been named in the original complaint filed in May.

His death also did not prevent the allegations from being evaluated. The amended pleading continued to discuss his board service, and the court addressed arguments involving Crown in its dismissal opinion.

No public record establishes that Crown was scheduled to testify, that he had threatened to reveal information about Epstein, or that his death prevented a known deposition.


The Aspen Motorsports Park Accident

Crown died at Aspen Motorsports Park in Woody Creek, Colorado, on his seventieth birthday.

The Pitkin County Coroner’s Office statement reported by the Colorado Sun stated that Crown was involved in a single vehicle accident and collided with an impact barrier.

The coroner reported evidence of multiple blunt force trauma and classified the manner of death as an accident.

The incident was investigated by the coroner’s office, the Pitkin County Sheriff’s Office, and the Colorado State Patrol.

Crown’s father, Lester Crown, told the Chicago Sun-Times that his son had been driving a race car that struck a wall while going around a curve.

A report that a track employee described the vehicle’s brakes as locking has circulated online. That report does not establish deliberate interference, and the publicly reported official classification remained accidental.


Conspiracy Claims About Crown’s Death

Crown’s death occurred during intense public scrutiny of JPMorgan.

Thirteen days earlier, JPMorgan had announced a $290 million settlement with Epstein survivors. The bank was still defending the United States Virgin Islands case and the shareholder derivative action.

The proximity of those events led commentators and social media users to imply that Crown had been silenced or killed.

No released evidence supports that conclusion.

The available public record does not show:

  1. Crown was cooperating against JPMorgan.
  2. Crown was scheduled for an Epstein deposition.
  3. Crown possessed evidence he intended to disclose.
  4. The crash resulted from sabotage.
  5. Investigators classified his death as suspicious.
  6. Epstein related litigants accused anyone of causing Crown’s death.

Timing can explain why a claim attracted attention. It cannot prove causation.


The Crown Family Reference in an Epstein Email

EFTA00737614 contains an August 2010 email chain between Epstein and film producer Barry Josephson.

The forwarded material stated that the “Crown family” focused on investment returns and was not especially interested in the film business. It discussed proposed terms for a production arrangement.

The context concerned the development of Red Crown Productions, which was founded in 2010 by Daniel Crown, Daniela Taplin Lundberg, and Riva Marker.

James Crown was not a sender or recipient of the email. His name does not appear in the text.

The document establishes that Epstein received a forwarded business discussion containing a general reference to the Crown family. It does not establish that James Crown communicated with Epstein, approved the proposal, supplied money, or knew Epstein had reviewed the terms.

Researchers should not convert a family level reference into an individual relationship without additional evidence.


Flight Records, Contact Books, and Calendars

No verified flight record reviewed for this article lists James Crown as a passenger on an Epstein aircraft.

No verified entry reviewed for this article establishes James Crown as a contact in Epstein’s address books.

No released calendar entry located for this article documents a meeting between Crown and Epstein.

No authenticated photograph reviewed for this article depicts the two men together.

No direct Crown to Epstein email has been identified in the cited record.

Absence from these categories does not prove that two people never met. It means that the currently identified documentary record does not establish the meeting.


No Survivor Allegation Against Crown

No survivor testimony or civil complaint reviewed for this article accuses James Crown of sexual abuse, trafficking, recruitment, or participation in Epstein’s exploitation of girls and women.

Crown’s Epstein relevance is institutional.

The allegations against him concerned whether, as a director and risk committee leader, he adequately supervised a bank that continued serving Epstein after serious warnings and a criminal conviction.

That is materially different from an allegation that Crown participated in Epstein’s sexual conduct.


JPMorgan’s Settlements

JPMorgan agreed in 2023 to pay $290 million to settle claims brought on behalf of Epstein survivors.

The bank separately agreed to pay $75 million to resolve the United States Virgin Islands case.

Those settlements totaled $365 million.

The agreements created substantial financial consequences for JPMorgan. They did not constitute personal admissions by Crown or every other director named in the derivative complaint.

The derivative plaintiffs cited the settlements as harm allegedly caused by failures of bank leadership. The court did not reach a merits determination on that theory.


Other Public Positions

Crown’s influence extended beyond banking.

He served as lead director of General Dynamics, managing partner of Aspen Skiing Company, and chairman of the Aspen Institute Board of Trustees.

He was a longtime University of Chicago trustee and chaired its board from 2003 through 2009. The university’s memorial account described his involvement in university and Chicago civic affairs.

President Barack Obama appointed Crown to the President’s Intelligence Advisory Board in 2014. The archived White House membership page lists him as a board member.

These positions demonstrate Crown’s access to corporate, political, philanthropic, academic, and national security institutions.

They do not prove an intelligence relationship involving Epstein. Claims that combine Crown’s advisory position, General Dynamics, and Epstein into a single intelligence theory remain speculative without primary evidence.


Evidence Classification

ClaimEvidence status
Crown served on JPMorgan’s board while Epstein was a clientDocumented in JPMorgan proxy statements
Crown chaired the Risk Policy Committee during part of the Epstein relationshipDocumented in SEC filings
Crown was named as a defendant in an Epstein related shareholder lawsuitDocumented in the federal docket and EFTA02822837
Shareholders alleged that Crown failed in his oversight dutiesDocumented allegation
Crown was involved in the selection of Jamie Dimon at Bank OneDocumented corporate history and quoted in the complaint
Crown was personally involved with Epstein in New AlbanyAlleged and inferred, without a cited direct transaction
Crown and Epstein were personal business partnersNot established
Crown personally received internal warnings about EpsteinNot established by the reviewed documents
A Crown family film investment was mentioned in an Epstein email chainDocumented in EFTA00737614
The email proves James Crown communicated with EpsteinNot established
Crown flew on Epstein’s aircraftNot established
A survivor accused Crown of misconductNot established
Crown died in a single vehicle racing accidentDocumented
Crown’s death was connected to the Epstein litigationUnsupported speculation

What the Evidence Establishes

The available record establishes that:

  1. James Crown served within the governance structure of JPMorgan and its predecessor banks beginning in 1991.
  2. His tenure overlapped the entire period during which JPMorgan banked Epstein.
  3. Crown chaired JPMorgan’s Risk Policy Committee during part of that relationship.
  4. The committee exercised formal oversight of major financial and reputational risks.
  5. JPMorgan personnel possessed serious information about Epstein before the bank ended the relationship.
  6. Crown was named as a defendant in a shareholder derivative lawsuit concerning the bank’s Epstein failures.
  7. The shareholders alleged that he and other directors failed to maintain effective oversight systems.
  8. The amended complaint attempted to connect Crown to Epstein through Bank One, Leslie Wexner, John Kessler, and New Albany.
  9. The complaint did not provide direct Crown to Epstein correspondence or a joint agreement.
  10. The derivative case was dismissed for failure to establish demand futility.
  11. The court rejected an allegation that Crown possessed sufficient control over General Dynamics to make Phebe Novakovic dependent on him.
  12. Crown died in an accident after the original shareholder complaint had been filed.
  13. An Epstein email contains a general reference to the Crown family in a film investment discussion.

What the Evidence Does Not Establish

The available record does not establish that:

  1. Crown participated in Epstein’s sexual abuse or trafficking operation.
  2. A survivor accused Crown of misconduct.
  3. Crown flew on an Epstein aircraft.
  4. Crown visited an Epstein residence.
  5. Crown appeared in Epstein’s address book.
  6. Crown personally emailed or telephoned Epstein.
  7. Crown personally invested with Epstein.
  8. Crown was Epstein’s direct business partner.
  9. Crown knew that Epstein was using JPMorgan accounts to facilitate trafficking.
  10. Crown received the internal warnings cited in the bank litigation.
  11. Crown personally decided to retain Epstein as a client.
  12. The JPMorgan board discussed Epstein while Crown was a member.
  13. The dismissal of the shareholder lawsuit cleared Crown on the merits.
  14. Crown was scheduled to testify about Epstein.
  15. Crown’s fatal accident involved foul play.
  16. Crown’s intelligence advisory role proves an intelligence connection involving Epstein.
  17. A reference to the Crown family automatically refers to James Crown.

Investigative Assessment

James Crown is relevant to the Epstein record because he occupied a position of genuine institutional responsibility.

The strongest case for scrutiny does not depend on an unverified photograph, alleged passenger list, or conspiracy about his death. It rests on documented corporate governance.

Crown served on the board of the bank that maintained Epstein as a profitable client after employees knew about serious sexual abuse allegations and after Epstein became a convicted sex offender. He chaired a committee responsible for risk oversight while the relationship continued.

That creates a legitimate accountability question: what information reached the board, what reporting systems existed, and why did those systems apparently fail to produce a documented board response?

The public record does not answer that question at the individual level.

The shareholder plaintiffs tried to bridge the gap through inferences based on New Albany, Bank One, Dimon, Kessler, and the Crown family’s wider business network. Those connections justify further document review, but they do not prove Crown personally knew Epstein.

Crown should therefore be classified as an institutional oversight figure named in Epstein related civil litigation, not as a documented member of Epstein’s personal or trafficking network.


Key Takeaways

  1. James Crown was a longtime JPMorgan and predecessor bank director.
  2. His board service overlapped JPMorgan’s entire relationship with Epstein.
  3. He chaired the bank’s Risk Policy Committee during part of that period.
  4. Crown was individually named in a 2023 shareholder derivative complaint.
  5. The complaint alleged board level oversight failures but did not prove Crown personally knew Epstein.
  6. Its New Albany theory relied substantially on business networks and inference.
  7. No verified flight, contact book, calendar, photograph, or direct communication establishes a Crown and Epstein relationship.
  8. A 2010 Epstein email referred to the Crown family in a film financing discussion but did not identify James Crown as a participant.
  9. The derivative case was dismissed on demand futility grounds rather than after a trial on Crown’s conduct.
  10. Crown’s June 2023 death was classified as an accident.
  11. Claims connecting the accident to Epstein litigation are unsupported.
  12. Crown’s evidentiary significance concerns corporate governance and institutional accountability.

Related EpsteinWiki Articles

  1. Jeffrey Epstein
  2. JPMorgan Chase
  3. JPMorgan Shareholder Lawsuit Over Jeffrey Epstein Banking Failures
  4. Jane Doe v. JPMorgan Chase
  5. Leslie “Les” Herbert Wexner
  6. Financial Institutions and Epstein
  7. Epstein Financial Records and Banks
  8. How to Read an Epstein Document

Primary Court, Corporate, and Government Sources

  1. Operating Engineers Construction Industry and Miscellaneous Pension Fund v. Dimon federal docket
  2. January 2024 dismissal opinion
  3. JPMorgan Chase 2012 proxy statement
  4. JPMorgan Chase 2013 proxy statement
  5. JPMorgan Chase 2016 proxy statement
  6. JPMorgan Chase 2017 proxy statement
  7. JPMorgan Chase 2022 proxy statement
  8. General Dynamics 2023 proxy statement
  9. General Dynamics statement on Crown’s death
  10. Aspen Institute biography and board announcement
  11. University of Chicago memorial
  12. Archived White House Intelligence Advisory Board membership page
  13. Reuters report on Crown’s death
  14. Colorado Sun report citing the Pitkin County Coroner’s Office

Primary Epstein Data Evidence

  1. EFTA02822837 is the amended shareholder derivative complaint naming Crown as a defendant. It contains allegations concerning his JPMorgan board service, risk committee role, Bank One relationships, New Albany connections, and alleged oversight failures. It is a pleading rather than a judicial finding.
  2. EFTA02822863 contains the complaint’s discussion of Epstein, New Albany, John Kessler, Bank One, and the Ohio business network. It documents the plaintiffs’ theory but does not independently prove Crown met Epstein.
  3. EFTA02822895 contains demand futility allegations involving Crown and other JPMorgan directors. The court later found that the plaintiffs had not adequately established demand futility.
  4. EFTA02822896 contains allegations concerning Crown, Phebe Novakovic, General Dynamics, and New Albany. The court rejected the claim that the pleaded General Dynamics relationship established Novakovic’s lack of independence.
  5. EFTA02822898 contains the fiduciary duty claim against the director defendants. It records what the shareholders alleged and does not constitute a verdict.
  6. EFTA00737614 is an August 2010 Epstein email chain containing a general reference to the Crown family in a proposed film financing arrangement. James Crown was not a sender or recipient and was not individually named in the text.

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